Studies have shown that the use of bisphosphonate in patients with cancer is associated with osteonecrosis of the jaw. While osteonecrosis can be caused by a number of other factors, this particular form of the condition is called bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis of the jaw (BIONJ). Patients who have been on long term, high-dose bisphosphonates to manage different types of cancer (typically breast cancer, prostate cancer, and myeloma)are at risk for BIONJ if they get a tooth extracted. The bone becomes exposed to air and becomes necrotic after not healing on its own for several weeks. About 5% of patients with cancer who are also being treated with bisphosphonates will get bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis of the jaw, and the risk is lower in patients who do not have cancer. Physicians should recommend that their patients see a dentist prior to beginning bisphosphonate treatment as well as during treatment.